Blood pressure refers to the force that blood exerts against the walls of the blood vessels as it circulates through the body. It is measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg) and expressed as two numbers, with the systolic pressure (top number) representing the pressure when the heart contracts and the diastolic pressure (bottom number) representing the pressure when the heart relaxes between beats.


A normal blood pressure reading is typically around 120/80 mmHg, with a systolic reading of less than 120 and a diastolic reading of less than 80. Blood pressure that consistently measures above these values is considered high and can increase the risk of serious health problems such as heart disease, stroke, and kidney damage.


Risk factors for high blood pressure include a family history of hypertension, obesity, physical inactivity, smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, stress, and age. Lifestyle changes such as regular exercise, a healthy diet, stress reduction, and avoiding tobacco and excessive alcohol consumption can help prevent or manage high blood pressure, and medication may be necessary for some individuals. It is important to have regular blood pressure checkups to monitor and manage any potential issues.


Blood pressure symptoms can include:



  • Headaches, particularly in the morning

  • Dizziness or lightheadedness

  • Blurred vision

  • Chest pain or tightness

  • Shortness of breath

  • Irregular heartbeat

  • Fatigue or weakness

  • Nosebleeds

  • Nausea or vomiting

  • Difficulty sleeping

  • Swelling in the legs, ankles, or feet


However, it's important to note that high blood pressure often does not cause any symptoms at all, which is why it is often referred to as the "silent killer." It's important to have your blood pressure checked regularly, particularly if you have the risk factor


Blood Pressure Treatment


The treatment of high blood pressure (hypertension) typically involves a combination of lifestyle changes and medication, as determined by a healthcare professional. Here are some common treatments for high blood pressure:



Lifestyle Changes: Making healthy lifestyle changes can help lower blood pressure and improve overall health. This may include exercising regularly, maintaining a healthy weight, eating a healthy diet that is low in sodium and high in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, quitting smoking, and reducing alcohol consumption.


Medication: There are several types of medications available to treat high blood pressure, including diuretics, beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors, calcium channel blockers, and angiotensin receptor blockers. These medications work by relaxing blood vessels, reducing the amount of fluid in the blood, or slowing the heartbeat to decrease blood pressure.


Regular Blood Pressure Monitoring: Regularly monitoring blood pressure is an important part of managing hypertension. This can be done at home using a blood pressure monitor, or through regular checkups with a healthcare professional.


Stress Reduction: Stress can contribute to high blood pressure, so finding ways to manage stress can help lower blood pressure. This may include practicing relaxation techniques such as meditation, yoga, or deep breathing exercises.


Complementary Therapies: Some complementary therapies, such as acupuncture or massage, may help lower blood pressure, but it is important to consult with a healthcare professional before using any complementary therapy.


It is important to work with a healthcare professional to determine the best course of treatment for high blood pressure and to regularly monitor blood pressure levels to ensure they remain within a healthy range.